Hope Diamond Press Release, Michele Urie, Smithsonian, National Museum
of
Natural History
Feb, 9, 2005
Mysteries of the Smithsonian’s Hope Diamond Solved
with New Scientific Research
Discovery Channel Special Premieres Feb. 10
Is it possible that the Hope Diamond was cut from another larger blue
diamond
200 years ago? Is there another blue diamond out there also cut
from
this possible “parent stone”? Could the Hope Diamond have a
“sister”
stone?
New research has provided important insights into the lineage of the
Hope
Diamond at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History.
Conducted
over the past year, the research supports the theory that the Hope
Diamond
was cut from the French Blue Diamond after it was stolen from the
French
Crown Jewels in 1792. The team of researchers included Jeffrey E. Post,
Smithsonian
curator of gems and minerals, and Steven Attaway, engineer and gem
cutter;
as well as Scott Sucher and Nancy Attaway, gem cutting experts.
This extensive research project was captured on film and will be
featured
on the Discovery Channel. “Unsolved History: Hope Diamond” will
premiere
on Feb. 10 at 9 p.m. with additional scheduled airings on Feb. 11 at 12
a.m.
and Feb. 13 at 2 p.m.
The team used state-of-the-art imaging and computer modeling
technology,
combined with new measurements of the Hope Diamond and historical
records
and sketches of the Tavernier Blue Diamond and the French Blue Diamond,
to
create for the first time ever accurate virtual computer models of the
three
diamonds. The results of the modeling study clearly show that the Hope
Diamond
fits exactly within the French Blue Diamond – a clear indication of
lineage
– and reveal that no sister stone to the Hope Diamond could have been
cut
from either previous stone. The computer models were used to guide the
cutting
of accurate replicas of the two precursor stones—in cubic zirconia.
“This new Hope Diamond research would not have been possible ten years
ago,”
said Post. “What is exciting is that we are constantly learning new
information
about our collections as we apply new high tech research methods. Even
the
Hope Diamond is grudgingly giving up some of its secrets.”
“The geometric evidence was overwhelming, leading us to conclude that
not
only did the Hope Diamond fit within the French Blue Diamond, but some
of
the facets on the Hope Diamond may be relics from the French Blue
Diamond,”
said Steven Attaway.
The
Smithsonian’s
National Gem and Mineral Collection is one of the greatest collections
of
its kind in the world. More than 375,000 individual specimens include
such
famous pieces as the Hope Diamond and the Star of Asia Sapphire, as
well
as a research and mineral collection used by scientists around the
world.
Background on the Hope Diamond
The Hope Diamond—the world’s
largest
deep blue diamond—is more than one billion years old. The parent stone
of
the Hope Diamond formed deep within the Earth and was carried by a
volcanic
eruption to the surface in what is now India. It was discovered prior
to
1668 in the Golconda region of southern India. In 1668, French gem
merchant
Jean Baptiste Tavernier sold the 115-metric-carat diamond to King Louis
XIV
of France, who commissioned it to be re-cut to the 69-carat French Blue
Diamond.
The French Blue was stolen during the 1792 French Revolution.
Twenty years and two days later, after the statute of limitations
expired,
a 45.52-carat blue diamond was quietly put up for sale in London, and
eventually
Henry Phillip Hope purchased it. After being passed down through
the
Hope family, the diamond was sold in 1901.
It then changed hands several times and was eventually sold to Pierre
Cartier
in 1909. Cartier sold the diamond to Evalyn Walsh McLean of
Washington,
D.C., in 1911. McLean’s flamboyant ownership of the stone lasted until
her
death in 1947. Harry Winston, Inc. of New York City purchased McLean’s
entire
jewelry collection, including the Hope Diamond, from her estate in
1949.
For the next 10 years, the Hope Diamond was shown at many exhibits and
charitable
events worldwide by Harry Winston, Inc. On Nov. 10, 1958, the company
donated
the Hope Diamond to the Smithsonian Institution.
The weight of the Hope Diamond for many years was reported to be 44.5
carats
but in 1974 it was removed from its setting and found to weigh actually
45.52
carats. It is classified as a type IIb diamond, which are
semi-conductive
and usually phosphoric. The Hope Diamond phosphoresces a strong red
color
that lasts for several minutes after exposure to short wave
ultra-violet
light and the diamond’s blue coloration is attributed to trace amounts
of
boron in the stone. The pendant surrounding the Hope Diamond has 16
white
diamonds – both pear-shapes and cushion cuts – and the necklace chain
contains
45 white diamonds.